Angkor Thom

Overview

Angkor Thom was the last and most enduring capital of the Khmer Empire, built in the late 12th century by King Jayavarman VII after the Cham sacking of the previous capital. Enclosed by an 8-metre-high wall and a wide moat, the 9 km² city contained temples, palaces, and public buildings at the heart of a metropolis that may have housed a million people.

Highlights

• South Gate: The most iconic entry, flanked by 54 gods and 54 demons pulling a giant serpent in a re-enactment of the Churning of the Sea of Milk.
• Bayon Temple: The centrepiece of the city, famous for its serene stone faces gazing in four cardinal directions.
• Royal Palace Grounds: The walled enclosure once contained the king's wooden palace, now marked by terraces and surrounding temples.

History

Jayavarman VII built Angkor Thom around 1181 CE as a Mahayana Buddhist city. The walls and moats symbolise the cosmic ocean surrounding Mount Meru. The city remained the Khmer capital until it was abandoned in the 15th century following Ayutthayan invasions.

Visitor Tips

• Tip 1: Enter via the South Gate for the full visual impact and best-preserved statues.
• Tip 2: Allow half a day to explore the Bayon, Baphuon, the terraces, and the Phimeanakas within the walls.
• Duration: 3–4 hours.