Real Felipe Fortress

Overview

The Fortaleza del Real Felipe is the largest Spanish colonial fortress in South America, built to defend the port of Callao against pirates and naval attacks. Its star-shaped bastions and thick stone walls now house a military museum with artifacts spanning 300 years.

Highlights

• Star Fortification: The pentagonal design with five pointed bastions is a textbook example of Vauban-style military architecture adapted for South America.
• Military Museum: Displays include colonial weapons, War of the Pacific artifacts, and uniforms from Peru's independence era.
• King's Tower and Queen's Tower: The two interior towers commanded the harbor and served as the fortress's last line of defense.

History

Built between 1747 and 1774 after the devastating 1746 earthquake and tsunami destroyed Callao, the fortress was the last Spanish stronghold in South America. Royalist forces held out here until 1826, five years after Peru declared independence.

Visitor Tips

• Guided Tours: Army guides conduct tours in Spanish (some English available on request).
• Callao Combo: Combine with a visit to the Callao Monumental street art district nearby.
• Duration: 1–1.5 hours.